Evidence-Based Practice Week 1 DQ2
The current standard for nursing practice is evidence-based practice or EBP. This is practice that uses interventions that whose efficacy is research-informed and verified. It is what has been referred to as best practice. EBP is a departure from the practice where interventions and therapeutic modalities are used just because they have always been used that way. In other words, it is different from common practice (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). It provides the best assurance so far that there will be better patient outcomes in terms of therapeutic response and fewer or no adverse events to the patient. To enrich EBP knowledge, professional nurses engage in what has been referred to as clinical inquiry. This is the habit of questioning the efficacy of and rationale behind the use of the interventions in common practice. It is facilitated by employment of the PICOT model to identify the patient population (P), the intervention in question (I), a comparison intervention (C), the expected outcome (O), and the timeframe for implementation of the intervention. The purpose of this discussion paper is to compare and contrast the role and implementation of EBP in one APRN specialty area and another. Evidence Based Practice Week Essay
The Role and Implementation of EBP for the Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) Compared with that for the Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP)
Essentially, EBP is supposed to improve practice in terms of patient outcomes. In other words, it is the standard practice criterion that is expected to ensure that healthcare services are of the highest quality. That is they must be safe, timely, effective, efficient, equitable, and patient-centered (Tzelepis et al., 2015). For the FNP, EBP has the role of ensuring that the APRN provides quality primary health care to children, adults, and the old across the lifespan. In children, EBP will have the role of providing the required evidence for the FNP to effectively treat children with proper approved medications for pediatrics instead of engaging in trial and error by using the so-called off-label prescriptions. Here, EBP plays a vital role in preventing adverse events that may lead to pediatric morbidity and mortality due to unknown variables. For adults, the implementation of EBP will significantly improve patient satisfaction. This is because it will make hospital stays shorter due to improved and assured efficacy of interventions. The other role of EBP for the FNP is that it will prevent the occurrence of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) such as catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) amongst others. When these occur, the hospital length of stay is usually increased and the cost of hospitalization also rises.
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For the PMHNP, the role and implementation of EBP in practice also has its benefits in that it ensures that quality mental health care is provided. Like for the FNP, EBP implementation in the practice of the PMHNP informs proper use of pharmacotherapy in DSM-5-compliant mental health condition diagnoses (APA, 2013). EBP also helps the PMHNP use the correct and appropriate psychotherapeutic modalities to treat behavioral disturbances. The contrast between the role and implementation of EBP for the FNP and the PMHNP is that research subjects for the former have all their cognitive abilities and are therefore easier to study. Evidence Based Practice Week Essay Research subjects for evidence studies meant for the PMHNP are on the other hand lacking in some cognitive functions and are therefore more difficult to study. What this means is that as much as EBP has the role of improving the quality of healthcare for both, challenges in its implementation persist with regard to the specialty of the PMHNP.
References
American Psychiatric Association [APA] (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), 5th ed. Author.
Melnyk, B.M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2019). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice, 4th ed. Wolters Kluwer.
Tzelepis, F., Sanson-Fisher, R., Zucca, A., & Fradgley, E. (2015). Measuring the quality of patient-centered care: Why patient-reported measures are critical to reliable assessment. Patient Preference and Adherence, 9, 831-835. https://doi.org/10.2147/ppa.s81975 Evidence Based Practice Week Essay